What is calculous prostatitis: why it develops, how to determine, methods of treatment

Calculous prostatitis is a rare form of the disease that requires specific treatment.Therefore, it is important to know how it occurs and what signs it is accompanied by.From this article you will learn about all the features of the disease.As well as diagnostic and treatment methods.

Calculous prostatitis is characterized by an inflammatory process in which conglomerates with a dense structure are formed.In other words, these are stones located in the prostate.They consist of elements that enter the male body.They arise in the secretion of the prostate gland against the background of chronic prostatitis and pathological disorders.

reasons

The cause of calculous prostatitis can be the following:

1. Genitourinary tract infection.These can be diseases such as chlamydia, gonorrhea, trichomoniasis, ureaplasmosis, etc.In the process of reproduction and activation of pathological microorganisms, blockage of the channels of the prostate gland is observed, against the background of which the secretion acquires a thick and viscous structure.In this way, bacteria create a favorable environment for the formation of stones, and prostatoliths contribute to an increase in inflammatory processes, which leads to the development of congestion in the prostate.
2. Stagnation of all processes in the gland, which occurs for various reasons - the presence of an adenoma (benign tumor) in the prostate, inactivity, the influence of unhealthy foods, abuse of alcoholic beverages, smoking.But most often the reason lies in the lack of regular sex life, since in this case the glands cannot empty the stones normally, which is why stagnation occurs.
3. Urethro-prostatic reflux.In this disease, small amounts of urine are expelled into the prostate during urination.When urine accumulates, crystallized salts are released, which over time enlarge and thicken, turning into stones.Urethro-prostatic reflux develops due to injuries of the urethra, with atony of the prostate, resection of the prostate gland, etc.
4. Impaired blood circulation in the pelvic organs also leads to stagnation.
5. Frequent hypothermia of the body and genitals.
6. Failure to observe personal hygiene causes an infection that leads to calculous prostatitis.
7. old ageThis is due to the fact that a kind of coating of phosphoric acid and lime is formed on the condensed epithelium and amyloid bodies.

The stone formations have a yellowish hue and are spherical in shape.The minimum size of prostatoliths is 0.25 cm, the maximum is 0.4.They are formed individually or in multiples and are mainly of the following types: phosphate stones, oxalate stones or urate stones.

Symptoms

The presence of prostatoliths in the prostate is indicated by the following signs:

• dull and aching pain in the perineum, groin, coccyx, scrotum;
• increased pain after physical activity, defecation, sexual intercourse, prolonged sitting in one position;
• sharp pain when urinating;
• jet interruption;
• frequent urges with retention of urine;
• blood particles in urine and semen;
• premature ejaculation;
• weakening of potency;
• increased body temperature;
• insomnia;
• decreased appetite;
• psycho-emotional instability.

Stages of bacterial prostatitis

• Primary or catarrhal.In the primary form, stones form in the prostatic acini or ducts.The symptoms of the catarrhal type are mild, the signs resemble colds.If you consult a urologist in time and start adequate treatment, you can get rid of the disease in a week.
• Secondary or follicular.In the secondary form, prostatitis penetrates into the organ from the kidneys, bladder and other elements of the body against the background of urolithiasis.Follicular type may develop after untreated catarrhal type.The manifestations are acute, with increased body temperature and suppuration, the duration of therapy is long.
• Tertiary or parenchymal.In the tertiary form, the prostate parenchyma is affected, which is why it is called parenchymal (diffuse).This is the last stage of the acute course, in which the symptoms are very acute.A purulent exudate forms at the sore spot.The treatment process is long, tolerance is difficult.

Possible complications of calculous prostatitis

What are the complications of untreated calculous prostatitis:

• abscesses in the prostate due to the accumulation of purulent fluid in the tissues;
• intoxication of the body with purulent formations and further development of sepsis, which leads to death;
• atrophy of the prostate gland and, as a result, impotence;
• vesiculitis in acute or chronic form, which is characterized by the expansion of blood vessels in the spermatic cord, which leads to impotence and infertility;
• cystitis and urinary incontinence.

To prevent such consequences, when you notice the first signs, you should go to the clinic and undergo a comprehensive examination.

How to relieve an attack at home?

For any normal person, it is quite clear that during an attack it is necessary to call an ambulance.But before her arrival, you can take regular pain relievers.If you have rectal suppositories based on propolis in your home medicine cabinet, perform the appropriate procedure.Pain reliever and laxative tablets.

Which doctor treats you?

A urologist (or andrologist) treats prostatitis of any form.In the process of diagnosis and selection of treatment tactics, other highly specialized doctors are also involved - nephrologist, infectious disease specialist and others, depending on the reason for the formation of stones.

Diagnosis

During the initial visit to the urology office, the doctor performs a palpation and visual examination, after which he collects an anamnesis.The way of life, the presence of certain pathologies and the nature of the symptoms that appear must be taken into account.The following diagnostics are performed:

• collection of blood and urine for general analysis to identify the quantitative number of structural units (composition of biological fluids);
• collection of seminal fluid (sperm in calculous type of prostatitis is characterized by an increased amount of epithelial tissue and amyloid bodies);
• a spermogram allows you to examine the degree of motility and the number of sperm;
• x-ray of the prostate;
• ultrasound examination of the prostate gland;
• computed tomography or nuclear magnetic resonance.

It is mandatory to take blood for PSA, which allows to identify a specific prostate antigen (a type of tumor marker of the prostate gland).

Treatment of calculous prostatitis

The duration of therapy and the choice of therapeutic measures depend on the degree of neglect of the disease, as well as on the form, the cause of development and the presence of complications.

Drug treatment

1. A group of fluoroquinolones to destroy pathogenic microbes that most often cause prostatitis.These are antibiotics that easily deal with many pathogens.
2. Penicillin group of antibacterial agents.
3. Tetracycline group of antibiotics.However, tetracyclines have a large number of side effects, so they are prescribed less often than other groups.
4. Cephalosporins are used intramuscularly.
5. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs relieve pain and eliminate inflammation.
6. The patient should take vitamin complexes to strengthen the immune system.

Surgical intervention

1. Transurethral electroresection allows you to remove stones and cauterize blood vessels.For this, a high-frequency electric current and a resectoscope are used, which is introduced through the lumen of the urethra.The operation is painless, but there is a chance that particles of prostatitis will remain.
2. Transurethral surgery under ultrasound control.Unlike the previous method.Thanks to increased ultrasound tracking, all stone formations are removed.
3. Band prostatectomy (stones are removed by cutting) and endoscopic (using an endoscope that is inserted into the prostate).Along with advanced stones, resection of the prostate, lymph nodes and seminal vesicles is performed.
4. Lithotripsy involves the use of a laser that breaks up the stones, after which they are removed naturally.An endoscope is used for this.

Physiotherapy

• exposure to ultrasound reduces the level of inflammation, eliminates pain;
• laser therapy accelerates metabolic processes in the prostate and relieves discomfort;
• magnetotherapy restores blood circulation and neutralizes swelling.

Massage normalizes the patency of the channels, accelerates blood supply, which is considered effective in prostatitis, but is strictly prohibited in calculous form.The reason is that prostatoliths can move throughout the body.

If you cannot attend physiotherapy procedures, you can do them at home with the help of special devices.But keep in mind that physiotherapy is effective only during remission - when prostatitis is in an acute stage, the use of devices is prohibited.

Diet therapy

A patient diagnosed with calculous prostatitis must follow a special diet, which is developed by a nutritionist at an individual level, based on the severity of the pathology.

The basis of dietary nutrition is the refusal of alcoholic and carbonated drinks, fried, smoked, salty and spicy foods.It is not desirable to use broths based on fatty meat, fish and mushrooms.From vegetables, you should exclude horseradish, radishes, garlic, cabbage, beans and onions.And other products that lead to the formation of gases.

Physical therapy

It is always used in prostatitis, but in the calculous form the exercises should be light to prevent the movement of the stones.Gymnastics should stretch the muscles of the perineum.To do this, you can do the following exercises at a slow pace:

1. Stand up next to the chair and rest your hands on the back.Take one leg out to the side, lifting it as high as possible.Lower the limb.The same actions are performed with the other leg.Number of approaches - 8-10.
2. Stand with your back to the chair and lean against it.Lift your legs towards your stomach one at a time, bending them at the knees.
3. Spread your feet wider than your shoulders, squat down and hold the position for a few seconds.Stand up.While doing the exercise, try to make springy movements in the squatting position.Repeat no more than 5 times.

People's funds

1. Eat 25-30 raw pumpkin seeds every day, always on an empty stomach.
2. Herbal decoction.You will need an equal proportion of bare cooler and black initial.Set aside 1 tbsp.l herbs, pour 0.5 liters of "steep" boiling water, let it boil.Take 100 mg 3 times a day half an hour before meals.
3. Boil brown rosehip root according to the recipe indicated on the pharmacy package.Drink as a tea drink three times a day.
4. In a glass of boiling water pour 2 tbsp.l parsley seeds and simmer for 10-15 minutes on low heat.Leave for an hour.Drink one tablespoon up to 6 times a day.
5. Drink 600-1000 ml of freshly squeezed asparagus juice daily.
6. Other natural juices are also useful - from carrots, beets, cucumber.

Forecast

In the treatment of calculous prostatitis, initially conservative therapy is used, the result of which is usually favorable.In advanced forms and in the absence of positive dynamics of drug therapy, surgery is used.In this case, the prognosis is also favorable.But special attention should be paid to the rehabilitation period to prevent infection and other complications.

Prevention measures

To prevent the development of calculous type of prostatitis and prevent recurrence, follow simple rules:

• eliminating bad habits;
• immediately seek medical help for any pathological disorders;
• strictly follow the urologist's instructions;
• don't get too cold;
• to avoid infection, use condoms;
• Have an active sex life with one partner.